Children of Edward and Jane Richardson

One incident in this year impressed me very much. It was at No. 6 Summerhill Grove. My sister Anna, aged ten, was standing by the fire when her clothes took fire. She shrieked and ran out of the room, and at the door she met my mother, who laid her flat on her back, and with equal promptitude covered her with a door-mat. The whole affair was over in a few seconds, and my sister was only very slightly burnt.

. . . I so disliked sitting still to sew more than half-an-hour at a time, that Papa promised me a watch when I had made six shirts for him—so that was quite a large bait to a greedy little fish like me; and I set to work, and in about three years—think of it, some of the poor slopwomen make a shirt in a day, and only get eightpence, I finished the task, and won the watch which Emmie now wears every day, at school, to keep her punctual to her classes.

I have sometimes thought that if Anna's health had permitted her to engage in more active work, her intense theological feelings might have been somewhat modified. Whether for the better or not, who can say? Assuredly, her spiritual growth was a great comfort to herself, while to all her friends, her loving zeal and reverent humility caused them to feel in her presence as if they stood on holy ground.

and was distressed to note how weak she was. She was hardly able to walk, and had repeated attacks of sickness, and was depressed by being constantly confined to the house. In the evenings, however, when the curtains were drawn, and the lamps lighted, the old spirit would return, and she would talk in a way that you could sit and listen for hours.

My poor mother, in addition to this anxiety, had the trial of Anna's great illness. As soon as Alice was sufficiently recovered, she and Mother went to Bournemouth where Anna & Carrie were, & stayed there some time. Anna slowly recovered, but she is still very weak—she is now at Grasmere with Carrie, & our dear little Ruthie is with them.

My sister Anna, who had been ill for nearly a year, was taken from us on the 5^th of August. My mother & Allie had only been 10 days with Nellie at Kreuznach when they were summoned home again by Ann's increasing illness. I reached Grasmere before them, & was very glad to be any help to Carrie upon whom the anxiety & trouble pressed heavily. I stayed nearly a week at Grasmere, & although, to our great joy, dear Anna rallied from this attack, it was only for a short time. Still we rejoiced that Mother & the my sisters had been recalled, for it was to all a great comfort that they were with our dear one in those last days. After much suffering, she passed into a state of unconsciousness, & at length passed quietly away on the 5^th of August. She was buried in Grasmere churchyard on the 8^th on a lovely summer day, the cloud shadows resting on the hills she loved so well. As she was carried to her last resting place, sweet hymns of payer & praise were sung, which lingered & will linger long in our memories. It was a great trial that Robert was unable to be with me in Grasmere—he was unavoidably detained in London. My sister Anna was one of my earliest teachers, & I owe to her more than I can say. Her loss does indeed leave a wide gap in our already too broken family circle, & even now it is often hard to realize that she, the eldest of us all, one looked up to with admiration and affection by us all, is really taken from us.

While we were at Heugh Folds my brother John sent us a copy of dear Anna's memoir, w^h he had compiled. We read it with intense interest—all her delight in her mountain home so graphically described it was touching to read of there—in the dear home from w^h she had passed for ever. Her letters are full of interest—especially some of the earlier ones to H.M. Peile—& three from Paris. It is a book w^h will be much valued by our children & w^h we rejoice that our brother has so admirably arranged—although it is a pity that some errors have crept in w^h a little more care might have avoided.

Our dear & long absent Carrie came back to us at Heugh Folds, whither I with little Mabel, had gone to be among those to welcome her. Her long sad illness was over at last, & with health restored, she came back to us once more. It was indeed a time for great joy & deep thankfulness, & a fortnight with dear Mother & Anna & Allie, & our long lost Carrie was a truly happy time. Little Mabel was a great pleasure to all, & Carrie, who had for so long taken such a warm interest in her, was devoted to her. Ever since the day of its birth my little baby seemed to be a source of interest & comfort to Carrie—she knew when it was born, all before she was told, & said afterwards that she saw me lying pale in bed with a little nestling child beside me.

When afterwards a friend told of Mabel's birth, & gave the wrong day by mistake, Carrie said no it could not be for she had seen me the day before. The beautiful things this kind Aunt made for our pet were without number, & her tasteful hands could make them as few others could.

As soon as Alice was sufficiently recovered, she and Mother went to Bournemouth where Anna & Carrie were, & stayed there some time. Anna slowly recovered, but she is still very weak—she is now at Grasmere with Carrie, & our dear little Ruthie is with them.

My sisters Caroline & Nellie, whose home at Ashfield since our dear mother's death is now broken up—have after spending a few weeks in Newcastle, gone to Italy for the winter. We have good accounts of them from Florence & trust the warmer climate may do dear Nellie good. They are delighted with all they have seen, so far of Italy, & anticipate much enjoyment.

Caroline Richardson spent (no gained) 10 delightful days. One at Marsden with the children—one perfect autumn day at Alnwick. Visits to Mr. Moore Ede's Food Depôts & to the High School—a Shakespeare Reading at Mr Pattinson's. Pleasant talk of "all sorts & conditions of men". An M.P. on democratic morals one Sunday. These & other references came daily followed in the Home.

Caroline Richardson, after seven weeks in Norway with the Bensham family—a time of supreme enjoyment & benefit. The scenery, the people—all that was novel & picturesque most delightful, intensified by the joy of the children & enriched hourly by the "heart affluence in discursive talk from household fountains never dry."

My sister Carrie has suffered much from her eyes, but a lengthened stay in Germany & Switzerland has done her much good. She is now again at her home at the Quarries with the Merzs—& next door to our dear Uncle Robert & Aunt Anne Foster, who are both well & take the same kind & active interest in the various branches of the family as ever.

Ruth has been in Germany with "Aunt Car" whose eyes gave her great trouble. They stayed for some weeks at Wiesbaden, & it is delightful to think that now she can see quite well, & can both go about & read & write with ease—all of w^h were difficult or impossible to her before. Our cousin Sarah Ann Richardson & Sara, & later Miss Davies joined "Aunt Car" & Ruth at Wiesbaden, & a very merry party they were.

"Aunt Car" is at Grasmere . . .

Then we all went to Dawlish Devonshire to celebrate our Silver Wedding—Caro with us. It was a most delightful month at the Inn close to station the only disappointment that Charles could not be spared from Cork to join us. We read Sir Charles Lyell's life aloud and had many enchanting walks and excursions in the beautiful neighbourhood.

After that went on to Bournemouth and took up our abode at the Weston Hall Hotel—Theo and I and Teresa, Norbert and Ernest returned to Newcastle to work and Aunt Car stayed at West Knoll."

A happy holiday in Cornwall. Ernest with us most of time. Charles for 2 days and Caro the whole. Mullion, Lands End, Penzance, Malvern were our stopping places. The week in London as we went to Cornwall most interesting—hearing the "Power Bill" opposed in Com: Room of House of Commons. Charles astonished Counsel and general public who listened to his answers to cross-examination. Stayed at Metropole with R.S.W. and others—a fascinating time.

Just returned from our 6 weeks holiday—first 3 weeks in Isle of White (Daish's Hotel Shanklin) then 2 weeks at Grand Hotel Lyndhurst. The New Forest a wonderful one—Caro with us all the time—Ernest one week at Lyndhurst [ . . . ]"

Theo and I had a splendid rest at Sidmouth (Fortfield Hotel) Caro, Mabel and Molly being in lodgings near.

What marred our peace of mind while at Bushey was dear Caro's greater frailty. Lizzie who was at Heugh Folds had to call in trained nurse for a week.

Edith White with her now

Caro did not expect me to linger longer with her as Edith White can stay on and is a most charming and capable help. Dr. Johnson takes a serious view of Caro's illness: she is sadly reduced in strength and very very thin—but came downstairs for a few hours and can walk round her garden even: she is patient and saintly. I left with an ache at my heart not knowing what a day may bring forth.

Accounts of Caro very grave: but Edith White and maid Edith are so devoted a trained nurse is not at present necessary. Caro has to be carried downstairs now so her feebleness increases. She likes to receive letters but does not write herself now.

Heard from Mother that dear Aunt Car died peacefully on July 8^th in evening, conscious to the last. She had a stroke when Mother was there just after Easter, & one could not want her illness prolonged, but what a loss to all of us. She has been a wonderful Aunt & given us so many happy times, & such a wonderful example of patience & goodness . . . How I loved her, & even loved her strict ways, & the splendid way in which her household ran on wheels, so that one hardly realized anything had ever to be done.

We arrived at Heugh Folds in time to look once more on beloved Caro's face which was beautiful in death—strong and calm. Dear Edith White pale and the maid tired also. Theo and I stayed at the Prince of Wales Hotel for 10 days.

On Tuesday the Burial in the New Cemetery near Helm Crag was very touching—exquisite wreaths and many friends—2 hymns and lesson in the historic Church first. The whole village sympathetic—Caro was greatly beloved by all. Thus closes a beautiful Chapter of our lives and we are sad indeed she will never return to this house for winter months.

WORKMEN'S FESTIVITY.—On Saturday, the workpeople of Messrs J. and E. Richardson, tanners, to the number of sixty, were treated by their respected employers with a substantial dinner of roast beef and plum pudding. Tea was also served up. The festivities and rejoicings took place in honour of Mr David Richardson and Mr Edward Richardson, sons of the partners in the firm, attaining their majority.

Edward's illness was mental. He had induced my father to allow him to extend the works at Blaydon by adding the manufacture of alkali to the manure business. I believe Edward would have preferred to establish works in the lower reaches of the Tyne, by which the transfer of the raw salt into barges then requisite on account of the old bridge at Newcastle, as also other lighterage would also have been avoided. To this, however, my father would not agree, and, as it turned out, this decision was right. In the coming years, all the small alkali works had to shut up owing to the introduction by Brunner, Mond & Co. of the Solvay or ammonia process, and had my brother started works on a new site, the loss would have been so much the greater. Edward worried very much over his business, and suffered from sleeplessness and aggravated constipation.

From Newcastle, single, aged 39 years, born a member of the Society of Friends, but since gone over to the Church of England. Admitted for a first attack, the acute character of which has been about 3 weeks, said to be caused by intemperance.

   He was always from childhood obstinate and determined eccentric and original. He received a very good education both at home and abroad. Was brought up as a manufacturing chemist, but has not followed any employment for some years. He is thought to have had, whilst abroad, a disappointment in a love affair of a rather romantic character, though little is known about it. He has never had fits of any kind. He is [paragraph ends abruptly]

Symptoms of derangement first appeared in 1867, when his business affairs became involved. During the last 3 weeks he has been very much excited, and he conducted himself in a very extravagant manner at the late General election. He has since alarmed his friends by d riding about to see his acquaintance armed by hunt whip and revolver. He finally went to Lincoln with the object he has stated of endeavouring to adopt two boys who had become notorious through fighting a duel; he there conducted himself in a way which caused alarm, and was taken up as a wandering Lunatic, disarmed, and after the necessary certificates had been procured, was sent here.

He is tall in stature, and muscularly built, long gentlemanly appearance, but the want of clearness in his complexion, rubicund now, agitated manner &c give the appearance of one who has been given to over indulgence. His Hair on his head is not very copious, he wears moustache & small beard, all of a redish brown color. Features moderately regular. Pupils rather dilated, conjunctiva congested and water. Tongue covered with a whitish fur. Bowels regular. Tongue tremulous when protruded, his hands also unsteady when held out. Skin, hot, moist and relaxed. Pulse 80.

His manner is restless and haughty, he demands to see a solicitor immediately, and says he will have us all put into gaol. He talks in a random off hand way, shewing a good deal of excitement. Soon after his arrival he went to be and had a good night's rest.

To have [3vj?] Whisky daily.

Had a very restless night last night and got no sleep. His state of mind is more agreeable & he appologized for any rudeness he committed yesterday. His manner is very nervous and agitated. He acknowledges the he has been "going it" a little too fast, & that his nerves are very weak. He says the he is so nervous that he does not like to sleep alone & wishes one of the attendants to sleep in his room. He says that his brother has got him here in order to get hold of his property & that he must be set at liberty to defend it, and that "he is dying in this horrible place".

He has written a letter to the "Times" describing t in most extravagant language his capture and detention by the police at Lincoln, the latter part of which is as follows—"he finally when it grew dark locked me up in a miserable dirty hole in company with a wretched dogbelly who, however, shewed a little of the human heart by weeping bitterly at the indignity which was heaped upon me. But I will soon have the devil in gaol and will teach him never again to insult an English Gentleman, and I am not sure that an address to the Crown should not be prepared praying that the monster may be hung as a warning to other Policemen not only in England but throughout the civilized world.["]

He is endeavouring to obtain his release by threats of legal proceedings & has written to the Commissioners in Lunacy. He now sleeps well, but is still very nervous & agitated. His excitement shews itself in great restlessness and great exaggeration in his language and ideas. He declares that there is nothing strange in going about armed with pistols, that every gentleman in Newcastle does so. He persists in the idea that his brother wishes to get hold of his property (w^h is clearly far from the case), and that he wishes to get away to look after among other things getting into Parliament. He says he knows that he can unseat one of the members for Northumberland & Durham County and get elected in his place. If money matters are alluded to he always says that he has plenty, that he knows how to make any amount, but situated as he is _^^{as regard to wealth} the knowledge is of no use to him.

A report was sent of this case according to request today to the Commissioners in Lunacy.

He continues restless & has still the extravagant notions about his influence and importance. He endeavours to run bills in the town & borrow money utterly regardless of consequences, if he takes a fancy to anything he endeavours in his reckless way to obtain it utterly regardless of who pays.

He is rather less excited than he was & does not talk so much about his wealth and about getting into Parliament, but there is still great restlessness and vacillation about him. If he goes out a walk, he frequently before he has been out long hails a cab & comes home – or if he goes in a boat wants to come back before he has got been out many minutes. His chief delight is in riding on a horse he bought (without paying for it) not long ago, very much above its value, & which he states is worth at least 300 guineas & fit for the Prince of Wales.

I have today had a long conversation with E^d Richardson – he is civil but reserved & disinclined to speak about his peculiar views – being pressed however he asserts that he is very wealthy, that he belongs to one of the highest families in Northumberland – that he owns Warden House near Newcastle & that he has been much occupied with politics but has no intention of trying to get into Parliament himself. He give a totally incorrect & colored account of his behaviour at Lincoln when certified, & asserts that the police authorities sent him in order to prevent his making them liable for an assault.

E^d Richardson's condition has considerably improved & his ideas about his great wealth & about Warden (if present) are kept entirely in the background. He is sullen & surely & regularly at the time of visit goes to the arbour in the garden to avoid seeing me. He is much distressed on account of his favourite horse having been Seized by the Sheriff's office for debt and he thinks his friends should have bought it in for him.

Edward Richardson is considerably improved since the last entry – he has entirely given over talking about his supposed wealth & great family influence. He is much more Sociable & talks pleasantly & equably. He seems now fully to apprehend his real position previously & is calling for his Brother to try & arrange his debts for him and has arranged to return some expensive articles that he has never paid for.

Edw^d Richardson has gone on steadily improving & is altho' somewhat eccentric probably in his normal condition of mind. He has today gone to Scarbr^o for a months absence on trial with Rob^t Ware.

E^d Richardson has this morning returned from Scarbro' – during his absence on trial he has behaved with great propriety & has been very wishful to conform in every particular to my wishes. I have arranged with his brother J. Wigham Richardson for him to return home on the 2^nd prox.

Edward Richardson has today been discharged

Recovered

re-Admitted March 25, 1882.

Connected with the Society of Friends.

Male. Age 47 years. Single. Formerly chemical manufacturer.

Previous place of abode – Gosforth.

Birthplace – Newcastle on Tyne.

History.

This is the second admission. This patient was admitted for the first time on April 10, 1874; for a description of his state on admission, previous history, & progress of the case, see CaseBook X, page 130 et seq.

   He was from childhood always obstinate & of a very strong will; received a good education in York & Paris. Was brought up as a manufacturing chemist, but has not followed any occupation for a considerable time. He has been given to over-indulgence in drink.

   This is the second attack, & is said to have lasted "a few weeks". Symptoms of insanity appeared last November, & then more markedly in January. They were – "excitement, sleeplessness, going about with a pistol, giving orders, recklessly" and threatening his housekeeper & brother.        He is said to have been much taken up with a project of his own for constructing a Lift in Newcastle, from the High level Low level to the High: he talks of a Company for this purpose, & says he has the list of directors ready.

   Not long before his admission he was a patient in S^t Andrews' Hospital, Northampton, for two weeks, but had been discharged previous to his admission here.

   He came from Newcastle to York quietly, not knowing that he was being taken to the Retreat (so he says); but at York Station he became excited & refused to come with the attendants for a long time. He sent a telegram (which was stopped) to the Sergeant of police at Gosforth telling him to come at once with some policemen.

State on Admission.

Mental. When I first saw him a few hours after admission he was quietly playing billiards with an attendant. He talked calmly, & was quite almost free from excitement, though occasionally animated in manner; he disclaimed all intention of escaping, saying that he meant to stay here till he was considered well enough fit to leave. He now & then seemed to be rather restless, but this was not very marked at first. His manner at the outset was distant, & indicative of hauteur; but this soon wore off.

   I am unable to detect any definite delusion or hallucination; he harbours many suspicions (apparently groundless) with regard to his brother, his housekeeper, & others; he charges his brother with having place him here in order that he might get possession of his property, & _^^also charges him with having treated him for a long time in a most illiberal way. He says that all his acquaintances in Gosforth would bear testimony to the sanity of his past conduct; and that one of the doctors who certified previous to his admission into Northampton was ashamed to look at him after his discharge, but coloured & turned away.         His memory is good; he recollects clearly having been in the Retreat before, & recognized one or two of the attendants.            He tells me that he expects a lot of policemen to come here from Gosforth for him; not knowing that the telegram which he sent was stopped.          He says that he left home yesterday to go to Naples, and did not know he was being brought to York.

Physical condition.

   He is a tall, fairly well-built man of gentlemanly bearing     Weight = 11^st 3^lb. Expression of face is haughty & reserved, occasionally rather excited. Eyes water, rather blood-shot. Nose somewhat swollen, & rubicund. Complexion muddy. There are no wounds or bruises on his body.

Ordered – a bottle of Scotch Whiskey (per week)

                 2 bottles of beer per diem.

Progress.

The night before last, after midnight, he was noisy, talking loudly & almost continuously. Last night he was quiet.         He is very restless & uneasy by day walking about the corridor, playing a stroke or two at billiards, talking to an attendant, & unable to settle down steadily to anything.      He is always finding fault, and constantly & groundlessly complaining that an attendant has done something wrong, or has left undone something that he wished done. He asks for medicine, especially quinine; but when it is given him he will not take more than one or two doses, & then wants a change.    He writes many letters, which are well-expressed, chiefly in reference to his detention.

Tonight he attended one of the Retreat Concerts, but was very restless, passing audible remarks about the character of the performance. Finally he said he was "bored" & left before the Concert finished.      He has fairly good nights, being quiet up to about 5 or 6 o'clock, when he usually gets up & opens his shutters, or washes, or begins to talk, or wants to leave his room. Takes his food fairly well. Is full of complaints: as soon as one is attended to, he has one or two more ready.

M^r Richardson struck his head against the chimney-piece today (by accident), & inflicted a small scalp-wound.    He still makes numerous complaints, & writes many letters; is very restless; walks frequently in the country. Plays billiards & chess, & exhibits a fair amount of skill.

Still quiet at night up to 5 or 6 o'clock. There is no particular change in his mental condition: he will often talk very pleasantly & sociably, but now & then becomes reserved & gets in a sort of tiff, which however does not last long.

Still writes many letters; while out walking the other day he threw a letter into a cottage-garden, hoping that the tenant would post it: she however sent it to the Retreat.        He remains much as when admitted: still suspects & charges his brother with having sent him here to serve his own private interests.

While out walking in York a day or two ago M^r Richardson gave a letter to a gentleman of his acquaintance, asking him to post it; which he did. When spoken to on the subject his answers were at first prevaricating, but finally he admitted what he had done, & defended himself for so doing, implying that he was justified in using dishonourable means to get away from a place to which he had been dishonourably brought.    He is rather less complaining & fault finding than he has been.

M^r Richardson now declares that his detention here is illegal, on the ground that the certifying medical men did not examine him separately; he has written to the Commissioners making this complaint.        D^r North saw him today, & in a long conversation elicited no delusion, but much suspicion as to his brother's motives in placing him here.     Though still restless, he is less so than on admission; he can read or play billiards or chess fairly steadily, but often stops in the middle of a game of chess to have a little talk on some totally different topic. It may perhaps be considered a delusion Of all his ideas, that which most deserves to be considered as a "delusion" is, that he speaks of himself as being wealthy, the fact being (as I am informed) that he has run through all his property, & is dependent on his brother: also he tells me that he was getting up a company to construct an important "Lift" in Newcastle, & had got a number of gentlemen to act as directors – this is said to be entirely devoid of foundation.

No particular change.

In consequence of Edward Richardson's having written to the Commissioners stating that the certifying medical men had not examined him separately, the Commissioners wrote to the brother Wigham Richardson (who signed the "order") requesting him to see the medical men & report to them _^^{(Commissioners)} on the subject.    The following is a copy of Wigham Richardson's reply to the Commissioners.

"

Wingrove House – 29 April '82.

Sir,

     On receipt of your letter of the 26^th inst. I called upon D^r Oliver, who informs me that when he went to see my brother the door was locked, and he could only gain admittance by going with D^r Galbraith on whom my brother had called a few hours previously, & that he found my brother very violent & was glad to have had some one with him.

"   The answer to your query therefore is that D^r Galbraith saw my brother alone & separately, and also in company with D^r Oliver.    D^r Oliver expresses a readiness to answer any queries addressed to him, & believes that the certificate was accurately filled in.

"   D^r Oliver remarked to me on the delusions about the Italian journey to which my brother's letter also alludes.

"   The Commissioners may care to know that my brother was in a very excited state. I had been most anxious not to send him to an asylum and had engaged an attendant recommended by M^r Garbutt of Dunstan (by the kind intervention of M^r Vaughan, a friend of my brother's), but this man left in terror with a bloody nose; – the housekeeper had for some time been too frightened to remain alone in the house & I had authorized her to get a Companion, & on the day in question my brother had turned both of them out into the road, – and I myself was threatened with a pistol shot besides being addressed in language which was dreadfully unlike my brother.

"   D^r Baker has asked me to visit my brother at York & satisfy myself as to his state. This I am most loth to do. He is my only surviving brother, and it is painful to a degree to be received as I was received at Northampton, and his letters now indicate only too surely that in his delusions he looks upon me with distrust and aversion.   I am quite sure that so soon as he recovers the old feelings of brotherly affection will revive.   When he was well he rarely failed to come & take dinner with myself & family on Sundays, & his ceasing to do so was one of the first symptoms of his malady.

"   Your letter speaks of a possible discharge from the Retreat, on which point I wish to remark that my brother has just been writing to say he would rather break stones on the road than accept anything from his relatives. – and, as he has no means of his own, I trust no action of the Commissioners may lead to a repetition of the distressing circumstances of some years back, when the Chief of the police at Lincoln telegraphed to three separate addresses in Newcastle that he had my brother in charge as a "wandering lunatic"?

"   Begging you to excuse this long statement which I hope may obviate the necessity of any further correspondence     I remain Sir

Your most obedient servant

Wigham Richardson

Chas. Sp. Perceval Esq.

19, Whitehall Place S.W.

Having received this report, the Commissioner wrote to D^r Baker a letter received today, of which the following is a copy.

"

19, Whitehall Place, S.W.

May 2, 1882.

Sir,

     In consequence of a letter received from M^r E. Richardson alleging that his admission to the York Retreat was illegal as he was not "examined by two medical men separately" the Commissioners in Lunacy put themselves in communication with M^r W. Richardson, who signed the order of admission: stating the patient's allegation and requesting an explanation.

   M^r W. Richardson's reply dated April 29 leaves no doubt in the minds of the Commissioners that the patient's statement is justified.

   M^r W. Richardson having sent you a copy of his letter the Commissioners need only remark that D^r Oliver as they understand the transaction did not examine the patient "separately from any other medical practitioner["] inasmuch as D^r Galbraith accompanied him when he examined.

   Unless by further enquiry you can satisfy yourself that the Statute was substantially and really complied with the Commissioners do not think the patient should be detained under his present certificates.

I am, Sir                             

     Your obedient servant

                          Tho^s Martin" (for the Sec^y)

On receipt of this letter from the Commissioners D^r Baker telegraphed to M^r Wigham Richardson, who came to York this afternoon; Edward Richardson was then discharged. He was examined the same evening by M^r. Ball and M^rs Hood on their certificates

   He was reluctant at first to go to Belle Vue Terrace, saying he would not got here unless force were used; but after a short time he went quietly, only begging that he might not be sent to any other asylum, & saying that if he must be in an asylum he would prefer to stay at the Retreat.

Discharged May 3, 1882.

Relieved

re-Admitted May 3, 1882.

Remains in the condition described in last entry, but is annoyed at having been re-certified.

In a recent letter he throws out the idea that he may be detained here for political reasons, since 'he is a Conservative, on whose behalf a Liberal government is not likely to move'; his feeling of resentment at having been re-certified appears to have nearly disap left him. He is still much taken up with the Lift-project, & declares that several gentlemen _^^had promised to act as directors.

Is still restless & fidgetty, & very hard to please.   In one of his letters he speaks of enormous sums of money (e.g. £50,000) which he means to claim as compensation from the certifying doctors & others.

There is no change of importance. He has been talking in a very rude & impertinent way to some of the married attendants about themselves, their wives, &c, seeming to take pleasure in trying to irritate them. When walking out he sometimes talks so loudly as to attract attention of passers by. His bodily health is good.   He endeavours to excite a feeling of discontent amongst the other patients, & has succeeded in making one or two of them rather unsettled.

No change.

Is more distant in manner, having apparently chosen that way of manifesting his dissatisfaction & displeasure. It appears that his statement that several gentlemen had promised to act as directors of his projected "Lift" company is correct; some people at Scarborough appear to have believed his representations & to have promised their aid in this capacity.    He goes out every day for long walks, & attended Church yesterday.

No change.

Is reserved & distant in manner, avoiding D^r Baker & myself when possible.

Is away on leave at Acomb

Still absent on leave.   His condition remains almost without change.

Continues to hold to the idea that his brother's object in putting him here was to get possession of his property, the fact being that he is entirely dependent on his brother, having run through his own means. He is still absent on leave at Acomb, but frequently comes to the retreat to make various complaints. He writes many letters to D^r Baker, & to the Committee: sometimes threatening future legal proceedings on account of his detention, sometimes speaking highly of his treatment in the Retreat & declaring that he blamed no one but his brother.        He is in good bodily health.

No change.

This patient is still absent on leave at Acomb.

   That which seems most worthy of note now is an attempt which he made a short time ago to obtain a loan of £200 for 12 months, on the security of his "household furniture, &c"; he being well aware that he had no furniture of his own which he could tender as security.     A copy of his letter is annexed.

10 Feb 1883

Fern Cottage

Acomb, York

Dear friend

                James Hindmarsh

              I require the sum of £200 to liquidate some outstanding liabilities. If convenient will you be so kind as see M^r Wigham Richardson and endeavour to induce him to render me on account as to how I stand with the Blaydon Chemical Co. If he declines to give any statement of account, could you arrange for me a loan of the above amount for 12 months at 5 per cent per annum on security of my household furniture etc?

Yours sincerely

E Richardson

M^r Hindmarsh

   Estate Office

      Clayton St

         Newcastle

No change.

Still absent on leave. Has tone to Helmsley with a companion, for a month's fishing. There does not seem to be much the matter with him except peculiarities which will probably last; he is disagreeable & irritating in manner frequently, suspicious & fault-finding, and he continues to speak of, & to write to, his brother in a very suspicious, unfraternal way.

Is now absent on leave at Whitby.

Discharge    Recovered

It was, I think, in this or the previous year that I remember playing in front of the houses in Summerhill Grove, which at that time was not a thoroughfare, when my father came on horseback to say good-bye to my mother before going out to East Law. I was then four and a half years old. I said, "Oh, papa, take me." He replied, "Why not?" and told the nurse to put me up behind me, and so we rode the twelve miles. I have no doubt that my father was tenderly solicitous, but none the less I more than once, when jolting behind him, rued my rash request and felt ready to cry.

I went to Bruce's Academy in Percy Street, Newcastle, but only for part of a year, where I gained, in June 1845, two prizes for history and geography respectively.

My health had always been a matter of concern to my dear parents, and in the late summer of 1845 I was sent to Carlisle to the care of Robert Doeg and his wife, (née Sarah Ann Squire).

After the Irish trip some months were spent in more or less desultory study, and I having expressed some inclination for shipbuilding, an offer from Senhouse Martindale to instruct me in ship draughting at Liverpool was accepted.

Lloyds' Register of British and Foreign Shipping, Liverpool

10th. month 30th. 1857.

I hereby certify that I have known John Wigham Richardson from childhood. He was an inmate at my house for some time, learning to model and draught vessels, and also to gain an insight into shipbuilding generally, and he soon became master of all he undertook in this line. I have much pleasure in recommending him as a draughtsman to any shipbuilder, believing him to be a competent, steady and obliging young man of strictly honest principles and unimpeachable character.

Senhouse Martindale,

Lloyds' Surveyor

"Don Juan Wigham Richardson" was appointed Consul of the Argentine Republic "in the city and port of Newcastle-on-Tyne." It is not known how long he held this position, but he probably did so only for a short time.

Robert & my sister Allie & my brother John & I set off for Switzerland at the end of August. We went by Southampton, spending a few happy hours (Alice & I) at Bournemouth on the way, with Gregory & Emmie & the darling children in their sweet home. We were three weeks away, at Geneva, Sixt, Champéry, Siou, Evolena & Zermatt, & home by Neufchatel & Paris. John had such a severe attack of asthma at Sixt that he left us & went to Geneva, but, rapidly recovering, he happily rejoined us at Zermatt. Robert & he went up Monte Rosa. My feet were too sore for me to do any climbing, so Allie & I contented ourselves with going round by the vallies, while R. took the high passes.

While the shipbuilding business was expanding rapidly J.W.R. was, to use his own words, "working harder than any man has a right to work." His health, always frail, was severely taxed by overwork; moreover, he had fallen into the practice, so fatally easy to a busy man, of taking scarcely any exercise. In view of his rather reckless horsemanship and the uneven paving of some of the streets to be traversed, his friends had not been sorry, when he abandoned his custom of riding to and from the works. But the change had this disadvantage, that it encouraged the sedentary habits to which his way of life naturally inclined him. He now drove daily in a closed carriage to and from Walker, occupying himself the while with a book—for choice his beloved Ovid, and almost wholly neglected the physical exercise which became no longer compulsory.

Even his fiery energy could not indefinitely sustain him under such conditions, and in the autumn of 1876 he was laid aside with a severe attack of rheumatic fever. His sufferings were acute. For at least a fortnight, twenty-three hours out of every twenty-four were a mere blur of continuous pain. During the remaining twenty-fourth his senses were blunted by injections of morphia, and the prospect of this blessed respite supported him through the long period of consciousness. Recovery was long deferred and often interrupted.

It was many weeks before he could be removed to Newcastle, and when at last it was possible to travel he was still in a very feeble condition,¹ so shrunken and wasted that his brother-in-law, Robert Spence Watson, lifted him like a child out of the railway carriage. He reached home in safety, but a long time had yet to elapse before he was perfectly re-established.

¹It may be noted that he was always rather below the average weight proportioned to his height . . . .

. . . my dearest R. having been abroad on a business journey with my brother John. He has been the greater part of the time at Buda Pesth—& I have had delightful letters from him full of interest, detailing all the curious things he meets with. They have necessarily in the course of their business, been brought into contact with several very aristocratic families, & have been most hospitably, indeed royally entertained.

Several other papers were read, including one by Mr J. Wigham Richardson, "On the Load Line of Steamers," in which he said that, as far as navigating was concerned, steamers would be much safer if a better side were given than was the practice in some ports. He thought, in many case, the side allowed was far too little, and it was of paramount importance that the deep loading which now prevailed should be checked in some way or other.

TREE PLANTING AT WALLSEND.

To Mr. Wigham Richardson, of the well-known firm of Messrs. Wigham Richardson and Co., shipbuilders and engineers, the Neptune Works, Newcastle, is due the honour of having introduced tree planting in the Mid-Tyne district long before that commendable form of modern ornamentation was dreamed of in connection with either the streets of Newcastle or the Town Moor. Mr. Richardson has done much in an unobtrusive way to give a stimulus to a love for the beautiful in nature and in art among the workmen of Tyneside by providing flower gardens in front of the workmen's dwellings erected by the firm of which he is the respected head [. . ., about the same amount of text in the remainder]

 The property of Mr Wigham Richardson, Wingrove House, Newcastle.

Lot 28. Dark Bay Mare, with black points, 7 years old, 15.3 h.h, by King Harold; good fencer, and very clever across country; was hunted last season by a lady; quiet to ride and drive in single or double harness, and is not afraid of steam or bicycles. Open to V.S. examination prior to sale. Without reserve.

BREAD AND WINE FOR DRUNKARDS.—At the Newcastle Licensing Sessions, where the treatment of habitual drunkards was under consideration, Mr. Wigham Richardson, chairman, said in Norway the authorities had the power to commit drunkards to prison for seven or eight days, with the object of endeavouring to cure them of their drunkenness. On the principle that like cures like, the prisoners got nothing but bread and wine morning, noon, and night. It was reported that a week of this treatment gave prisoners such a dislike to alcohol that they were generally cured of their drunkenness for a long period, and often for life.

The question of Hunter's Road again came up for discussion, a letter being read from Swan and Hunter's Company, stating that they could only agree to provide a 30ft. road to the river. It was pointed out by several members that the agreement between the Company and the Council was to provide a 40ft road. Councillor G.B. Hunter said that it was a mistake to say that the company agreed to make a 40ft road, and he suggested that the matter might be settled by an arbitrator. This was agreed to, and Mr Wigham Richardson was agreed to unanimously as the arbitrator.

Owing to the approaching termination of the lease the Richardson family removed in 1902 from Wingrove House, their home for thirty-seven years, to Hindley Hall near Stocksfield, some fourteen miles west of Newcastle. After this migration J.W.R. took a less active share in the business of his firm, going to Walker only once a week.

A magnificent piano Steinway Mignon Grand presented to the house by the 4, in commemoration of their ages mounting up to 100! A splendid gift truly and one which will bring pleasure to all. Charles leads the way in most sumptuous presents.

I was brought up and have lived in what may be called ultra-philanthropic circles, and have been connected with engineering and shipbuilding since 1853, i.e. for fifty-four years, and I am now vice-chairman of the firm which has launched in tonnage and value more steamers than any other firm in the United Kingdom. I have served on the Local Board of Walker and on the County Council of Northumberland, and I was for three years chairman of the Longbenton School Board, and am a magistrate for Northumberland, Chairman of the Licensing Bench of the West Castle Ward, and on the Committee for visiting the prisons.

Member Walker Urban District Council: Chairman Long Benton School Board: J.P. for Northumberland: Chairman Licensing Bench: Member Committee for visiting prisons; County Councillor Northumberland: President North East Coast Inst. of Engineers and Shipbuilders: Member Inst. Naval Architects: President Newcastle Economic Society: Chairman Wigham Richardson & Co., Ltd.: Chairman Blaydon Manure and Alkali Co.: Director Tyne Pontoons and Dry Docks Co.: Director Walker and Wallsend Union Gas Co.: Director Wallsend Slipway and Engineering Co.: Director Wallsend and Willington Park and Building Land Syndicate: Pub.—many contributions to "The Shipping World" and Inaugural Addresses: Tastes and Hobbies—great traveller: classical scholar and facility for modern languages: Schemes of co-partnery and profit-sharing for workmen: practical and sympathetic philanthropist:

THE LATE MR. J. WIGHAM RICHARDSON.

As a Friend and a Scholar.

(To the Editor of the "Newcastle Chronicle.")

Sir,—Having been absent from home for the last fortnight, I do not know what may have been said in the Newcastle papers about the eminent citizen whom we have lost from among us—Mr. John Wigham Richardson—but as the notices which have appeared have probably referred chiefly to his character as a man of business and a large employer of labour, I venture to add a few words descriptive of his private character, and of what he was as a friend.

After more than 40 years of harmonious business relationship the ties of personal friendship seemed to grow stronger between him and me as we were both growing old and more or less shaking ourselves free from the cares of business. He was one of the kindest of hosts, and always made one welcome at Wingrove or at the charming home of his old age, Hindley Hall. Though I had always known that he was a man with a wide intellectual range, I think I have only learned of later years how deep and accurate, as well as varied, was his knowledge. Whatever might be the subject touched upon, he always seemed, if I may say so, "to have been there before on." Not pedantically, nor as one who would make a boastful display of his attainments, but gently and genially he contributed from his own abundant stores of knowledge the facts which were needed for an accurate understanding of the subject. It was characteristic of him that he, as shipbuilder and attentive reader of Thucydides, should have written some papers which have, I believe, revolutionised the conceptions of modern classical scholars as to the mode of construction of the Greek trireme.

In looking back on those delightful hours spent in his company—hours of which I remember saying more than once—"A visit to Richardson is part of a liberal education"—I am forcibly reminded of that beautiful stanza of "In Memoriam":—

"Heart-affluence in discursive talk

   From household fountains never dry:

   The critic clearness of an eye

That saw through all the Muses walk."

It is the first line, the "heart-affluence" and the delightful "discursiveness" which seem to me fittest to describe the conversation of my vanished friend. To his unfailing kindliness and goodness of heart towards neighbours, dependents and friends, many will gladly bear witness. That side of his character has, I trust, already been brought before your readers; but as Mr. Richardson was not an extensive author, and did not take any prominent part in scientific discussions, I venture to trouble you with this imperfect attempt at an appreciation of his rare intellectual powers.

His death is a grievous loss, not only to his family and his friends, but to the whole community.—I am, yours, etc.,

THOS. HODGKIN.

Barmoor Castle, April 24, 1908.

ONE WHO LOVED HIS FELLOW MAN.

SHIPBUILDER'S REMARKABLE WILL.

Mr. John Wigham Richardson, of Hindley Hall, Stocksfield, Northumberland, shipbuilder, of Messrs. Swan, Hunter and Wigham Richardson Ltd., the builders of the "Mauretania," of Wallsend and Newcastle, vice-chairman of that company, left £92,000 gross, the net personalty being £88,721.

The testator directed that his remains should be buried in a wicker basket coffin, and that the words "Mihi quoque spem dedisti" should be engraved on his tombstone. He further stated that it had been his happy lot to be largely blessed with the love of friends and relatives, and he left to each of his nephews and nieces (the children of his sisters), and to several of his friends, including Robert Spence Watson, £10 each wherewith he begged each of them to purchase some trifle to help to keep him in their memory and as a record of the great value which he had ever placed on their friendship.

He further stated: "I depart from this life with a love for all my fellow-men without exception, and although all too conscious that I have not been true to my calling, nor attended to the voice which so often has spoken to me, yet I do believe that God is love."

George finished his studies under Professor Playfair at (I think) the midsummer term of 1859. Some years later I travelled with the Professor (afterwards Lord Playfair), who spoke with much affection of my brother, and contrasted his gentlemanly ways with the rough manners of some of the Scotch students.

George William Richardson deposed: I am a tanner. I saw the deceased last alive at twenty minutes to two o'clock on Monday Afternoon. At a later hour I was informed that he fallen partly out of bed. I therefore went into his bed room, and there found him with the greater portion of his body lying out of bed, his face downwards. On looking further I found a strap round his neck, attached to the middle framework of the bed. It was a French iron bedstead. I cut him down. I thought he was dead. I, however, immediately sent for a doctor. Dr. Kennedy arrived and felt his pulse and pronounced him to have been dead some time. He said that disease of the brain had caused him to do the act. The strap was put through a buckle, and fastened around his neck. I am of opinion that the deceased died from strangulation.

The Coroner: By whom were you informed that he was lying out of bed?

Witness: By Miss Richardson. She had gone to his room door to see if he was going to get up, and hearing a peculiar noise, she informed me of the fact.

First my poor brother George fell into ill-health, & after trying various remedies, he at last went with D^r White to America for a complete change. Even this did not have the effect we could wish.

George went to Oxfordshire to work a little at farming there for the winter, & he is now a good deal better.

My poor brother George who had been away for so long returned home about 2 months ago in a sadly invalided state. We much fear he will never be well again, & if is sad indeed to see him in such a weak & helpless state.

George's long illness reached a climax towards the close of the year, and for more than a fortnight he lost all power of utterance. On the morning of the 7th January, 1871, I called as usual, and found his attendant coming weeping down stairs. He told me that just before daybreak, he had been startled by George saying quite clearly and quietly: "Joseph, my Father has come, and I am going home." I went up stairs and found him fast sinking, and it was almost incredible that he should have been able to articulate. Anna, with Uncle and Aunt Foster were in the room, and we stood and watched while the life was flickering away. It is the only death-bed I have ever seen, and when, at length, a kind of groan and convulsive movement shewed to the weeping bystanders that all was over, I could not but recall the closing lines of the Æneid, where Virgil, nearly two thousand years ago, described the indignant or offended soul flying from the cold body.

Anna advanced with streaming eyes, and closed the eyelids, and then, with almost a queenly gesture, motioned to us to leave the room.

And so the most beloved, the pet of the family, was released from a life of suffering, which had pursued him almost from his birth. So true a friend, so affectionate a nature, I shall hardly meet with during the remaining years of my pilgrimage.

My poor brother George died on the 7^th of January, & much as we missed him, we could not but rejoice that his suffering life was ended. He was laid in the Westgate Cemetery beside my dear Father & little Isaac & Maggie.

We both came home much strengthened & refreshed by our little tour, & a week after our return our dear sister Emmie's marriage took place. We had all long known & liked Gregory White, & there seems every prospect of a very happy union. The Wedding Day passed off most satisfactorily—the meeting was a particularly impressive one, & the ceremony very well gone through. Allie Nellie & M.F. White were the three bridesmaids. Very pretty indeed they looked in their graceful white dresses, while the Bride in simple muslin attire looked lovely. The bridegroom's men were D^r Compson, D^r Baker & our cousin Joe Richardson. The breakfast was beautiful & excellent, & the evening pleasantly spent—the bridal pair departing for Edinburgh at half past four. So although we are to lose our dear Emmie who must dwell far away at Woodstock, we rejoice in her happiness, & in the joyful fulfilment of long secretly cherished hopes. They are still away on their wedding tour, & have fallen in with our other sisters who are making a tour in Scotland.

I forgot to mention in connection with my mother & sisters' visit to London that they afterwards went to Bournemouth to see my sister Emmie & her husband, who have removed there from Woodstock. They hope Bournemouth will prove a more remunerative as well as a pleasanter place than Woodstock, & all are so far highly pleased with it. They are at present only in lodgings, but intend to build.

RSW & ESW letters now at TWAS

The very day after this supper, Allie was out riding with Robert, when her horse, a very spirited one ran away with her. She kept her seat grandly, but the horse would not be pulled in, & at the top of Westgate Hill, the corner of Elswick Lane, in nicely trying to turn it round, it came down with a crash. Allie was thrown over it, & received some severe bruises on her face. Robert soon came up in great alarm, & got her conveyed home in a cab. Her face was much hurt, & she had to stay about 10 days in bed, but the wounds healed far more quickly than we had expected, & under our good D^r Wilson's care she soon rallied. [ . . . ] As soon as Alice was sufficiently recovered, she and Mother went to Bournemouth where Anna & Carrie were, & stayed there some time.

Mother, who had come up from Newcastle, & Allie, had left that morning for Kreuznach, where they have gone to be with my sister Nellie who has been all the winter at Montauban, but is not I am afraid yet much better. We earnestly hope the baths at Kreuznach may restore her to health.

Robert & my sister Allie & my brother John & I set off for Switzerland at the end of August. We went by Southampton, spending a few happy hours (Alice & I) at Bournemouth on the way, with Gregory & Emmie & the darling children in their sweet home. We were three weeks away, at Geneva, Sixt, Champéry, Siou, Evolena & Zermatt, & home by Neufchatel & Paris. John had such a severe attack of asthma at Sixt that he left us & went to Geneva, but, rapidly recovering, he happily rejoined us at Zermatt. Robert & he went up Monte Rosa. My feet were too sore for me to do any climbing, so Allie & I contented ourselves with going round by the vallies, while R. took the high passes.

Immediately on our return home, an event took place w^h has given us all the greatest joy. This is, the engagement of our dearest friend D^r Merz to our darling sister Alice. Although we were not unprepared for it, it came with a wonderful suddenness at last, & it still seems almost too good to be true. The engagement gives universal satisfaction & dearest Mother, who is rather better just now, enters fully into the subject, & says she has "nothing but peace in the thought". To Robert & to me it is a joy indeed—that two people, dearest of sisters & best of friends—should be united in the holiest & happiest of unions, is cause for true thankfulness, & our earnest desire & prayer for them is, that the blessing of God may rest upon them, & abide with them always. My eyes are dim with happy tears as I write & my heart too full for words.

Allie's marriage was fixed for the 9^th of December, the silver wedding day of Theodore's Uncle & Aunt, M^r & M^rs Leisler of Glasgow. But as the old proverb so truly says "Man proposeth, but God disposeth" it was not so to be. All the festivities were arranged, the dresses prepared, the guests had long since accepted, & our dear Mother seemed much better, & entered into it all with her usual ready sympathy.

On the 15^th of December Theodore returned to Newcastle, having left his Father still very ill. On the 17^th he & Alice were married quite quietly at the Friends Meeting house. They went through the ceremony very nicely, & after they had spoken the simple, but beautiful words of our marriage service Richard Butler gave an excellent discourse, & T. Pumphrey & Cousin Eliza prayed for a blessing on the newly married. We all adjourned after meeting to Ashfield where the wedding breakfast was provided. Besides our own family there were M^r Leisler & D^r Rottenburg, & Gertie & Johnnie Edmundson. It could not be said to be a joyful time, when joy & sorrow were so strangely mingled. At 2 o'clock the young couple left for London, thence to Dover, Cologne & Worms. They are still abroad, & we have very bright, happy accounts from them.

The wedding, which took place at the meeting house in Pilgrim Street, was extremely quiet, the only guests beyond the family at the wedding breakfast at South Ashfield being my uncle, Louis Leisler, and my cousin, Franz v. Rottenburg, who came from Glasgow for the occasion. After the wedding we proceeded on our wedding-tour to the Continent . . . .

We saw early in the year, Alice & Theodore happily settled in their very pretty house, w^h R. & I had had a great share in furnishing & arranging During their long absence in Germany. Theodore's father had a long illness, & died while they were still at Worms, so that they had the satisfaction of being with him in his last hours.

In May we all crossed via Hook of Holland to Amsterdam—Charles joining us—then we stopped in Hanover and then went on to Oderhaus The Harz [ . . . ] a very merry month at the primitive forester's house—ascended The "Brocken" and those who were able took many long walks. The pine woods glorious: Norbert photographed some vistas of these very successfully. Teresa and Ernest afterwards went to Worms—Theo and I to Frankfurt and Thaun. Heat unbearable—completely knocked me down and I was ill for weeks.

Then we all went to Dawlish Devonshire to celebrate our Silver Wedding—Caro with us. It was a most delightful month at the Inn close to station the only disappointment that Charles could not be spared from Cork to join us. We read Sir Charles Lyell's life aloud and had many enchanting walks and excursions in the beautiful neighbourhood.

After that went on to Bournemouth and took up our abode at the Weston Hall Hotel—Theo and I and Teresa, Norbert and Ernest returned to Newcastle to work and Aunt Car stayed at West Knoll."

Had an exquisite time in North Wales—first at the Waterloo Hotel Bettws y Coed where we read the Life of David Cox. Norbert, Teresa and Ernest climbed Moel Siabod and we took many lovely shorter walks. Charles and Norbert with us for Easter. From Bettws we went to Barmough for 1 week. Then Teresa Ernest and I home by Chester and Manchester. Theo to London: he and Charles kept there by parliamentary Bills connected with Electric Lighting.

With Nelly watched the Funeral Procession of Queen from Edgware Road—paying 5 guineas for each seat—a marvellously impressive sight—King—Kaiser and other crowned heads and the quiet and reverential sympathy of huge crowd.

Had a delightful 3 weeks at Vevey—Teresa and Ernest with us 2 weeks—then returned to Cambridge and the rest of us came home via Germany Rothenburg an der Tauber and Colmar and Bonn very enjoyable.

A happy holiday in Cornwall. Ernest with us most of time. Charles for 2 days and Caro the whole. Mullion, Lands End, Penzance, Malvern were our stopping places. The week in London as we went to Cornwall most interesting—hearing the "Power Bill" opposed in Com: Room of House of Commons. Charles astonished Counsel and general public who listened to his answers to cross-examination. Stayed at Metropole with R.S.W. and others—a fascinating time.

Just returned from our 6 weeks holiday—first 3 weeks in Isle of White (Daish's Hotel Shanklin) then 2 weeks at Grand Hotel Lyndhurst. The New Forest a wonderful one—Caro with us all the time—Ernest one week at Lyndhurst [ . . . ]"

Theo and I had a delicious week at Lugano—ten days of enchantment in Venice and then to Worms and Ems for the cure.

[ . . . ] Came home after 8 weeks absence via "Hook" [ . . . ]

Theo and I had a splendid rest at Sidmouth (Fortfield Hotel) Caro, Mabel and Molly being in lodgings near. Theo better in health than for 2 years. After 3 weeks stay we had a very happy week at West Knoll—then to London—visiting Dora in her new home at Chobham.

Theo and I set off for our continental holiday—stopped at the cozy D⁶ The Albany and entertained very friends at Restaurants—Ernest much with us.

Crossed via Dover and Calais to Aix la Chapelle—lost both big and small luggage en route but got it back in time.

From Aachen to Works—a very nice visit there then via Strassburg and Lausanne to Milan through Simplon Tunnel. Met Nelly in Milan and next day proceeded to Perugia. A glorious week there, visiting Assisi for the day. After that to Vevey where we spent a most happy 2 weeks—Charles with us for the last 4 days—a great joy. Dr. and Madame Curtius also came as our guests to the Hotel Mounnet from Sunday to Friday. We travelled home via Paris and met pleasant people and altogether had a beautiful time. Theo very well and walking much round Vevey.

Returned home after an enjoyable outing—Four delightful days in London with Nelly—then on to Bournemouth with her—where Theo joined me.

Theo and I left for our tour abroad. Slept 3 nights at The Albany—crossed via Dover and Calais with Ernest on the 8th right through to Dijon—had good brilliant Easter there "Hotel de la Cloche" with Helen and Robin who were visiting the Samages.

From there to Vevey—3 weeks stay at Hotel Monnet. Curtiuses came for 3 days and later Charles Caro Mrs. R. and Edith. From Vevey to Innsbruck via Zurich—fine weather all the time—then via Wurzburg Darmstadt to Worms—Home via Brussels and Ostend—to Charing X Hotel—Ernest with us every evening.

Home on 18th to find Rachel here—she is lovely and good.

Again by Charles' gift watched from a window in Whitehall the solemn procession of King Edward's body being taken to Westminster Hall to lie in State for his people rich and poor to look at. King George and his 2 sons walking on foot behind the gun carriage drawn by 6 horses and the Dead March of Saul being played by the combined military bands most impressive. The Queens and other Royal ladies were in closed carriages: silence reigned. A grey calm day suited to the sad pageant.

[ . . . ] Our 2 weeks stay here perfect [ . . . ]

More than 3 weeks exquisite stay at Vevey.

[ . . . ] Then via Fribourg where we stopped Sunday to Strassburg. Hotel Rothes Haus. [ . . . ]

Then to Darmstadt Hotel zur Traube.

[ . . . ] Aftewards to Weimar to see "Goethes House"—then to Bonn to see Prof. Sell—then to Brussells crossing via Ostend on 29th—4 delightful days with C. at Whitehall Court.

Home after our holiday. Bath restored us and we then had an exceedingly happy visit to Charles in London. From there to Aspley Guise and then to Birmingham to the Wilson Kings.

We feel growing too old for London

Four delicious days at Target House and from there to Wells House Hotel Ilkley where Theo and I had a nice rest.

The hills presented anything but short walks.

We returned on 15th and are now preparing for winder duties and pleasures—and for dear Caro.

We got home on Whit. Tuesday—our 3 weeks at Bath was a thorough rest tho' weather was disappointing—Charles and Stella and Mrs. de Satur motored over to see us one day. We went from Bath to stay with Charles at 2 Whitehall Court and extremely enjoyed being there. and talking of arrangements for June 18 when the marriage is to be at Lyndhurst.

[ . . . ] From London Theo and I went to Letchworth [ . . . ]

A lovely and refreshing week at 14 Melbury R^d. Everything delightful—Charles and Stella so thoughtful for our comfort. Pauline an added sunbeam.

London very dark after sundown owing to the fear of Zeppelins.

We came home the 3rd [ . . . ].

Our stay at Harrogate did us much good. Now settled in for the winter with thankful minds and hearts for our many blessings. But sad losses in France are continually bringing before us the horrors of this war.

We managed our 3 nights at Letchworth and much enjoyed seeing Nelly and Denis.

We were 3 weeks at Bushey which benefitted us much—a restful charming time with 2 visits from Charles & Stella and Norbert for a week end.

We arrived at Heugh Folds in time to look once more on beloved Caro's face which was beautiful in death—strong and calm. Dear Edith White pale and the maid tired also. Theo and I stayed at the Prince of Wales Hotel for 10 days.

This morning an Electric Vacuum Cleaner was brought up and explained by his Secretary and Thomson the gardener—a very complete and splendid contrivance for cleaning carpets, curtains, walls and furniture. A very valuable possession. No carpets need be taken up this year.

We have decided after great consideration to be at Wheelbirks from July 3rd to 18th taking 3 maids—and have the joy of Stella and the children to stay with us. Hugh R. has kindly often wished us to use his house and we shall have free vegetables and the Farm close by. The country air will be refreshing. We hope for Charles at week ends.

Theo and I have had an enchanting week in Edinbro staying at the Royal Hotel and therefore having a complete rest. Much delightful intercourse with Professor Sampson and his attractive family. Now at home till July 3, when we go to Rayheugh Farm for July—shutting up this house.

Theo and I returned home from Rayheugh and Stella and the children go to "Ems" on 30th. The weeks at the Farm with them and Charles for 2 week ends have been blessedly happy [ . . . ].

Teresa being with us the first ten days was a joy.

Had a very lovely 9 days at Keswick with Theo. it refreshed us greatly.

Returned on Oct. 31 [ . . . ]

Set off by breakfast to London and had a very delightful 5 days at Melbury Road—Then on to The Priorty, Bournemouth, Denis having bespoken a spacious room for us there. [ . . . ] Two weeks too soon passed and then we returned to Charles' [ . . . ]. Much of interest in our stay—and no fatigue with Motor Car to take us about.

Our 2 weeks at Blanchland successful and refreshing and the quiet days with my Beloved very good. He began to dictate again "A Crisis in Thought" his marvellous memory clear as ever on deep philosophical subjects

Engaged a room at the Bridge of Aln Hotel Whittingham for April 8th. One almost trembles at our age to look seven weeks ahead with definite engagements—but we hope for this change of air while this house is being renovated and cleaned.

The Industrial Crisis not settled—nothing but gloom and anxiety ahead. Business topped and hampered in every direction.

Insuring our house against Civil Commotion.

Home from a very delightful 5 weeks in the South, first at Melbury Road then to Bushey Hall Hotel where my Beloved's 81st birthday was happily spent—Charles and Stella coming there to celebrate it. Then back to Melbury Road where we drove to greet many old friends. In every way a renewing holiday.

On our return heard a burglar had got in by kitchen window, broken into study desk and stolen valuables therein.

We had a most precious week at Saltburn in glorious weather.

Since return been upset with maids and very occupied.

I seem in a dream—cannot believe the Beloved will not be by my side again—sharing everything with me as he always did in his generous confiding way.

[ . . . ] I am thinking of going to Torquay to see Nellie.

Because our darling Rachel has had a sharp attack of Flu at "Hayes Court"—Norbert and Ursula decide to take her to Torquay so this plan is an immense boon for poor lonely me—and we hope to arrive there on Monday the 10th and stay at the "Torbay Hotel."

Returned from 10 days at Heugh Folds with Charles and Teresa—motored to Carlisle. Much restored by the time with C. and S.

At Torquay caught cold—but the stay there was most satisfactory as I could be with Nellie daily often twice daily: long talks together after 4 years separation.

Left Heugh Folds on the 18th after a very refreshing 2 weeks there—Charles and Stella generously entertaining us all. 10 fine days—motoring to Carlisle on a glorious morning made travel home easy: it was a comfort to have C. for 1 night.

[ . . . ] Much better for Grasmere and all the comfort I had in the beauty there.

Mother, who had come up from Newcastle, & Allie, had left that morning for Kreuznach, where they have gone to be with my sister Nellie who has been all the winter at Montauban, but is not I am afraid yet much better. We earnestly hope the baths at Kreuznach may restore her to health.

"And now I come my Italy + + + are ye 'ware of me, my hills, how I yearn towards you?"

My sisters Caroline & Nellie, whose home at Ashfield since our dear mother's death is now broken up—have after spending a few weeks in Newcastle, gone to Italy for the winter. We have good accounts of them from Florence & trust the warmer climate may do dear Nellie good. They are delighted with all they have seen, so far of Italy, & anticipate much enjoyment.

During these holidays have had Nelly and her delightful boy (8 years old) staying with us. So happy with our children. Nelly taken a house at Cullercoats for 3 years.

With Nelly watched the Funeral Procession of Queen from Edgware Road—paying 5 guineas for each seat—a marvellously impressive sight—King—Kaiser and other crowned heads and the quiet and reverential sympathy of huge crowd.

Coronation completed in a gorgeous stately impressive ceremony. Only Denis and Nelly witnessed it (of our clan).

Nelly with us for 2 weeks a delightful visit.

[ . . . ] Nelly leaves us on 15th to see Denis in London as he passes through for exams at Cambridge.

"Theo and I lingered till Friday and then came to Folkstone for a week.

Nelly got into her new house at Letchworth and is pleased with it.

"Fairoaks."

I ELLEN ANNE RICHARDSON, heretofore called and known by the name of Ellen Anne Kuhlmann, residing at "Fairoaks," Sollershott, Letchworth, in the county of Herts, a natural born British subject, hereby give public notice that on the 5th day of August, 1916, I formally and absolutely renounced, relinquished and abandoned the use of my said surname of Kuhlmann, and then assumed and adopted and determined thenceforth on all occasions whatsoever to use and subscribe the surname of Richardson (which was my maiden name) instead of the said surname of Kuhlmann; and I further give notice, that by deed poll dated the 5th day of August, 1916, duly executed and attested, and enrolled in the Central Office of the Supreme Court on the 10th day of August, 1916, I formally and absolutely renounced and abandoned the said surname of Kuhlmann, and declared that I had assumed and adopted, and intended thenceforth upon all occasions whatsoever, to use and subscribe the said surname of Richardson instead of my said former surname of Kuhlmann, and to be at all times hereafter called, known and described by the surname of Richardson only.—.Dated this eleventh day of August, 1916.

ELLEN ANNE RICHARDSON

Nellie giving up her house for a time and moving into a Boarding House at Bournemouth.

Difficulties of rationing lead her to this step partly.